Understand the Smoking-Diabetes Link
Author: Julie Lang
Carole Willi, M.D., of the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, and colleagues conducted a systematic review and analysis of studies describing the association between smoking and the incidence of diabetes or other glucose metabolism irregularities that covered thirty years. The data was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association’s December 12, 2007 issue.
The data indicated that active smokers have a 44 percent increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared with nonsmokers. The more you smoke, the greater the risk. People who smoked twenty or more cigarettes a day had a 61 percent increased risk, compared with lighter smokers, who had a 29 percent increased risk.
Death, regular or menthol: Most people associate smoking with cancer. However, its effect on the cardiovascular system and diabetes is stealthy, and your entire organ system can be damaged before you become aware of the extent of the damage. Smoking is an insidious killer. It takes years but by then it is too late.
According to the American Heart Association, more than 440,000 people die each year from smoking-related diseases, and 135,000 additional deaths are linked to the effects of cigarettes on the cardiovascular system. Smokers are two to three times more likely to die of cardiovascular disease than are nonsmokers, according to the American Heart Association.
According to the American Diabetes Association report Smoking and Diabetes, cigarette smoking accounts for one out of every five deaths in the United States and is the most important modifiable cause of premature death. Other studies consistently find heightened risk of morbidity and premature death associated with the development of macrovascular complications among smokers. Smoking is also related to the premature development of microvascular complications of diabetes.
The cardiovascular burden of diabetes, especially in combination with smoking, has not been effectively communicated to people with diabetes or to health-care providers, and there is little evidence that this risk factor was being talked about consistently.” According to researchers at the Cleveland Clinic Heart Center, “There is no safe amount of smoking. Smokers continue to increase their risk of heart attack the longer they smoke. People who smoke a pack of cigarettes a day have more than twice the risk of heart attack than nonsmokers.”
According to the National Institute of Drug Abuse, within 24 hours of quitting, blood pressure and chances of a heart attack decrease. A 35-year-old man who quits smoking will, on average, increase his life expectancy by 5.1 years. The more you smoke, the more likely you are to become atherosclerotic, which results in blocked arteries and reduced blood flow to the heart. If you are diabetic, your diet is poor, and you don’t exercise regularly, every cigarette multiplies your risk of developing angina and coronary artery disease.
The peripheral arteries that carry blood to the arms and legs are at increased risk for blockages in smokers, and smokers may suffer symptoms of intermittent claudication (leg pain and cramping due to impaired blood flow). There is also a greater chance of central artery blockages, increasing your risk of stroke.
In addition to increasing your risk of cancer of the lung, mouth, esophagus, and bladder, smoking raises your likelihood of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, and gastrointestinal problems, such as gastroesophogeal reflux disease (GERD) and ulcers.
Here are a few more effects of smoking:
- Smoking causes your blood sugar to rise.
- Cholesterol levels and other lipid levels rise as well.
- Smoking can cause high blood pressure.
- Blood vessels are restricted, which can lead to foot ulcers and leg and foot infections in people with diabetes.
- It increases the chance of thrombosis (blood clots).
- Neuropathy (nerve damage) develops or worsens, leading to sexual dysfunction and kidney damage.
- Your immune system becomes compromised, making you more susceptible to infections, colds, bronchitis, and pneumonia.
- It reduces levels of vitamin C in the body, which help your body develop antioxidants (preventing heart disease and cancer), collagen for stronger bones and cells, and healthier gums and also speeds healing of scrapes and burns.
- You inhale 400 different toxins in the smoke and 43 known carcinogens (i.e., cancer-causing agents) every time you take a drag. These include a tar similar to road surfacing tar, the poisonous gas carbon monoxide, arsenic, formaldehyde, ammonia, and many other poisonous compounds. These chemicals circulate in your body, continually putting you at long-term risk, as myriad scientific studies have proven.
- Women who smoke and use oral contraceptives are at higher risk of coronary and peripheral artery diseases, heart attack, and stroke than are nonsmoking women who use oral contraceptives.
- The likelihood of developing complications from medications increases.
All of this increases your chances of dying before your time and makes weight loss more difficult.
The above is an excerpt from the book The Weight Loss Plan for Beating Diabetes: The 5-Step Program That Removes Metabolic Roadblocks, Sheds Pounds Safely, and Reverses Prediabetes and Diabetes by Frederic Vagnini, M.D., FACS, and Lawrence D. Chilnick. The above excerpt is a digitally scanned reproduction of text from print. Although this excerpt has been proofread, occasional errors may appear due to the scanning process. Please refer to the finished book for accuracy.
Copyright © 2009 Frederic Vagnini, M.D., FACS, and Lawrence D. Chilnick, authors of The Weight Loss Plan for Beating Diabetes: The 5-Step Program That Removes Metabolic Roadblocks, Sheds Pounds Safely, and Reverses Prediabetes and Diabetes
Author Bios
Frederic J. Vagnini, M.D., FACS, coauthor of The Weight Loss Plan for Beating Diabetes: The 5-Step Program That Removes Metabolic Roadblocks, Sheds Pounds Safely, and Reverses Prediabetes and Diabetes, is a board-certified cardiovascular surgeon whose understanding of the ravages of cardiovascular diseases is grounded in twenty years as a cardiac surgeon. He hosts a popular call-in radio show and has published several books, including The Carbohydrate Addict's Healthy Heart Program, a New York Times bestseller.
Lawrence D. Chilnick, coauthor of The Weight Loss Plan for Beating Diabetes: The 5-Step Program That Removes Metabolic Roadblocks, Sheds Pounds Safely, and Reverses Prediabetes and Diabetes, is the authors and creator of the New York Times bestseller The Pill Book, which has sold 17 million copies and is still in print after more than two decades. He is a publishing executive, editor, teacher, journalist, broadcaster, and author of several popular health reference books, electronic products, audiotapes, and videos.
For more information please visit www.amazon.com.
Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/understand-the-smokingdiabetes-link-1451396.html
About the Author
For more information please visit http://www.amazon.com/Weight-Loss-Plan-Beating-Diabetes/dp/1592333842/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1258039917&sr=8-1.
[TEMPLATE]cannibis[/TEMPLATE]
anyone know good smoking effects websites?
i am doing a paper on the effects of smoking of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and i am having trouble find good, solid websites for information. does anyone know of any?
please post the URLs here. and thanks in advance!
http://www.mydr.com.au/default.asp?article=2907
http://www.quitsmoking.com/kopykit/reports/body.htm
i find those very informative, good luck with your paper!
can someone please help me correct my spelling?
Third of all, I think that smoking should be banned in all public places because it can cause fire. Usually due to the carelessness of the smoker for flicker the cigarette butts everywhere that is why it caught fire and more severely is that it damage building, houses, and harm people and animals. For example, there was a case on March 23, 1999 where there was thirty-nine people lose their life due to the caught of fire in the Mont Blanc Tunnel in France. The caused of this trauma is because the cigarette butt was tossed from another vehicle and it went into the other truck which caught the fire and took away many people’s lives.
Fourth of all, I believe that smoking should not be allowed in public places because not only it is harmful to the smoker but also the health of many non-smokers as well. Some of the common effects that non-smokers experience from breathing in secondhand smoke are such as eye irritation, stuffy nose, headache, cough, sore throat, hoarseness, dizziness and nausea. Also non-smokers who exposed to secondhand smoke can get unexpected cancers and illnesses such as lung cancer, breast cancer in younger, pre-menopausal women, heart disease, stroke, asthma and other respiratory problems which included pneumonia, sinus infection and impaired lung function. Pneumonia is defined as “respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants.” And sinus infection is defined as “an inflammation of the sinuses and nasal passages. A sinus infection can cause a headache or pressure in the eyes, nose, cheek area, or on one side of the head.” Also, pregnant woman is at risk when exposed to secondhand smoke because it can cause many severe health problems such as miscarriage, premature birth and lower birth weight baby. And as for babies they can get several of the harmful effects from environmental tobacco smoke such as Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), decreased lung function, pneumonia and bronchitis. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is defined as “a fatal syndrome that affects sleeping infants under a year old, characterized by a sudden cessation of breathing and thought to be caused by a defect in the central nervous system.” Furthermore, secondhand smoke is harmful to children because it can cause acute respiratory infections, ear problems, tooth decay, asthma, cataracts (of the eyes), learning problems and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Children that have asthma are more vulnerable when exposed to secondhand smoke because it can cause asthma attack. Therefore, it is important that these types of children must have clean air to breathing in order to avoid from the occurring of asthma attacks. Also, exposure to secondhand smoke is mainly dangerous to elderly people, especially those with cardiovascular disease, and those with impaired respiratory function such as asthmatics and those with disruptive airway disease. So even if smokers have the freedom to smoking in public places but then their smoking would really affect the people around them. Therefore, I think that the government should consider about prohibit smokers from smoking in public locations to protect the health of the non-smokers.
Last of all, I believe that smoking should be banned in public places because it can affect the U.S. economy. Based on the recent study at Georgia State University supported by the Committee on Life Insurance Research and performed by members of the Society of Actuaries and researchers, secondhand tobacco smoke is costing the U.S. economy more than ten billion dollars annually. Though, the study makes an estimate that it cost about five billion dollars which is related with secondhand smoke. Additionally, it pegged lost wages approximately 4.6 billion dollars which doesn’t consist of the effect of smoking on ill or death children due to the exposure of smoking. Also, the study shows that the approximation costs of use of tobacco by smokers are only a portion of the approximation of one hundred and fifty billion dollars annually. And the approximation costs of secondhand smoke are decreased about five billion dollars compare to fifteen years ago. Therefore, to narrow down to the limit of smoking it recommends that the insurers to charge those people who exposed to secondhand smoke with higher life insurance rates which also consist of people who live with the smokers or people who worked in workplaces that continue to permit smoking.
Overall, I believe that smoking should be prohibited in all public places because it can solve many problems such as it can prevent bad air pollution, contaminated environment, fire, cancers and other illnesses, and the crisis of economy. That is why I think that if the governments continue to let the smokers smoking in the public places than it is unfair for those people that don’t smoking because they have to suffering for their health. Therefore,
I didnt find any
question to do with smoking?
what is the effect of nicotine on the cardiovascular system?
i have researched this for ages but havent found anything, so im not looking for an easy way out of homework!
please help me!
THANK YOU.
It damages the endothelial cells which are the lining of the walls of the vessles. When they are damaged, the chance of something sticking to them is higher. so they get atherosclerosis. meaning clogged arteries by cholestrol that is hooked up to the damaged area. There is a disease called Buerger Syndrom. Fingers vessles die and finger tips start to trun black and fall off. Directly related to vascular systems of the hand. And then there is the matter of Blood pressure. If you check the Blood pressure of a person before and after smoking a cigarette, you will see that BP is higher after smoking. I don’t think there is any cancer in cardiovascular system that is directly connected to smoking.
What are the effects of smoking on the cardiovascular and/or respiratory systems?
ciggarette smoking? secondhand smoke? try to narrow down your question. anyway heres a variety:
http://mens-health.health-cares.net/smoking-cardiovascular-disease.php
^^^^^Smoking and cardiovascular disease
http://www.pwc.k12.nf.ca/PROJECTS/b2201/moore/smoking/index.html
^^^^^The Harmful Effects of Cigarette Smoking on the Cardiovascular System
http://www.nursingtimes.net/nursing-practice-clinical-research/the-physiological-effects-of-smoking-on-the-respiratory-system/204364.article
^^^^^The physiological effects of smoking on the respiratory system.
http://www.wvdhhr.org/bph/cvd/page1.htm
^^^^^What is the connection between smoking and heart disease?
http://smoking.ygoy.com/how-smoking-damages-your-health/
^^^^^How Smoking Damages Your Health?
http://www.ionchannels.org/showabstract.php?pmid=16633075&redirect=yes&terms=effects+of+smoking+on+the+cardiovascular+system%3F
^^^^^Nicotine effect on cardiovascular system and ion channels.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15911719
^^^^^Cardiovascular effects of secondhand smoke: nearly as large as smoking.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/146539.php
^^^^^Cardivascular Effects Of Smoke From Cigarettes, Cooking Oil, Wood
hopefully this is more than enough information for you.
gluck.
What are the effects of nicotine and carbon monoxide on the cardiovascular system?
I have a biology test I need to hand in next week but I can’t seem to find the answers to the last two questions, which are:
1- Describe the effects of nicotine and carbon monoxide on the cardiovascular system with reference to atherosclerosis, coronary, heart disease and stroke.
2- What are the problems of cardiovascular disease and the ways in which smoking may affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease?
I found answers to both of these by using Google. You might try that. If not, I can help with the answers. Please try to do it on your own first, it is good practice, and you still have time.